localization optimization to avoid regex

scripts/localize-html.js

@@ -1,23 +1,115 @@
 import fs from 'node:fs/promises';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
 
+const whitespace = new Set([' ', '\t', '\r', '\n', '\f']);
+const translatedAttributes = ['title', 'aria-label', 'placeholder', 'alt'];
 const escapeText = value => value.replaceAll('&', '&amp;').replaceAll('<', '&lt;').replaceAll('>', '&gt;');
+const escapeAttribute = value => escapeText(value).replaceAll('"', '&quot;').replaceAll("'", '&#39;');
 
-// Populate the checked-in German fallback while retaining all runtime i18n markers.
+function tagEnd(source, start) {
-export function localizeHtml(source, translate) {
+  if (source.startsWith('<!--', start)) {
-  const result = source.replaceAll(/(<[^>]+\bdata-i18n="([^"]+)"[^>]*>)([^<]*)(<\/)/g,
+    const end = source.indexOf('-->', start + 4);
-    (_match, opening, key, _text, closing) => opening + escapeText(translate(key)) + closing);
+    return end < 0 ? -1 : end + 2;
-  return result.replaceAll(/<[^>]+>/g, opening => {
-    let translated = opening;
-    for (const attribute of ['title', 'aria-label', 'placeholder', 'alt']) {
-      const key = new RegExp(`data-i18n-${attribute}="([^"]+)"`).exec(opening)?.[1];
-      if (!key) continue;
-      const value = escapeText(translate(key)).replaceAll('"', '&quot;');
-      // Match an actual attribute, never the suffix of its data-i18n marker.
-      translated = translated.replaceAll(new RegExp(`(\\s)${attribute}="[^"]*"`, 'g'), (_match, space) => `${space}${attribute}="${value}"`);
   }
-    return translated;
+  let quote = '';
-  });
+  for (let index = start + 1; index < source.length; index += 1) {
+    const character = source[index];
+    if (quote) {
+      if (character === quote) quote = '';
+    } else if (character === '"' || character === "'") quote = character;
+    else if (character === '>') return index;
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+function tokens(source) {
+  const result = [];
+  let cursor = 0;
+  while (cursor < source.length) {
+    const start = source.indexOf('<', cursor);
+    if (start < 0) break;
+    const end = tagEnd(source, start);
+    if (end < 0) break;
+    result.push({ tag: false, value: source.slice(cursor, start) });
+    result.push({ tag: true, value: source.slice(start, end + 1) });
+    cursor = end + 1;
+  }
+  result.push({ tag: false, value: source.slice(cursor) });
+  return result;
+}
+
+function skipWhitespace(tag, start) {
+  let index = start;
+  while (whitespace.has(tag[index])) index += 1;
+  return index;
+}
+
+function nameEnd(tag, start) {
+  let index = start;
+  while (index < tag.length && !whitespace.has(tag[index]) && !['=', '/', '>'].includes(tag[index])) index += 1;
+  return index;
+}
+
+function attributeValue(tag, start) {
+  const quote = tag[start];
+  if (quote === '"' || quote === "'") {
+    const end = tag.indexOf(quote, start + 1);
+    return { value: tag.slice(start + 1, end), start, end: end + 1 };
+  }
+  let end = start;
+  while (end < tag.length && !whitespace.has(tag[end]) && tag[end] !== '>') end += 1;
+  return { value: tag.slice(start, end), start, end };
+}
+
+function attributes(tag) {
+  const result = new Map();
+  if (['/', '!', '?'].includes(tag[1])) return result;
+  let index = nameEnd(tag, 1);
+  while (index < tag.length - 1) {
+    index = skipWhitespace(tag, index);
+    const end = nameEnd(tag, index);
+    if (end === index) break;
+    const name = tag.slice(index, end);
+    index = skipWhitespace(tag, end);
+    if (tag[index] !== '=') continue;
+    const attribute = attributeValue(tag, skipWhitespace(tag, index + 1));
+    result.set(name, attribute);
+    index = attribute.end;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+function localizeAttributes(tag, fields, translate) {
+  const replacements = [];
+  for (const attribute of translatedAttributes) {
+    const key = fields.get(`data-i18n-${attribute}`)?.value;
+    const target = fields.get(attribute);
+    if (key && target) replacements.push({ ...target, value: `"${escapeAttribute(translate(key))}"` });
+  }
+  replacements.sort((left, right) => right.start - left.start);
+  let result = tag;
+  for (const replacement of replacements) result = result.slice(0, replacement.start) + replacement.value + result.slice(replacement.end);
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Scan the authored markup once. Keep comments, nested content and malformed tails intact.
+export function localizeHtml(source, translate) {
+  const parts = tokens(source);
+  const result = [];
+  for (let index = 0; index < parts.length; index += 1) {
+    const part = parts[index];
+    if (!part.tag) { result.push(part.value); continue; }
+    const fields = attributes(part.value);
+    result.push(localizeAttributes(part.value, fields, translate));
+    const key = fields.get('data-i18n')?.value;
+    const text = parts[index + 1];
+    const closing = parts[index + 2];
+    if (key && !text?.tag && closing?.value.startsWith('</')) {
+      result.push(escapeText(translate(key)));
+      index += 1;
+    }
+  }
+  return result.join('');
 }
 
 if (process.argv[1] === fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)) {

test/i18n.test.js

@@ -31,6 +31,39 @@ test('HTML generation escapes text and attributes, preserves i18n markers and up
   assert.equal(localizeHtml(result, translate), result);
 });
 
+test('HTML scanning respects quoted tag delimiters, comments, boolean attributes and nested content', () => {
+  const source = '<!-- <h1 data-i18n="ignored">do not translate</h1> -->'
+    + '<button disabled title=old data-i18n-title="label" data-note="a > b">?</button>'
+    + "<h1 data-i18n='heading'>old</h1>"
+    + '<p data-i18n="parent"><strong>Keep nested text</strong></p>';
+  const calls = [];
+  const result = localizeHtml(source, key => {
+    calls.push(key);
+    return { heading: 'New heading', label: 'Sam\'s "label"' }[key];
+  });
+  assert.deepEqual(calls, ['label', 'heading']);
+  assert.ok(result.includes('<!-- <h1 data-i18n="ignored">do not translate</h1> -->'));
+  assert.ok(result.includes('disabled title="Sam&#39;s &quot;label&quot;"'));
+  assert.ok(result.includes('data-note="a > b"'));
+  assert.ok(result.includes("<h1 data-i18n='heading'>New heading</h1>"));
+  assert.ok(result.includes('<p data-i18n="parent"><strong>Keep nested text</strong></p>'));
+});
+
+test('HTML scanning preserves incomplete tags, quoted attributes and comments', () => {
+  for (const tail of ['<h1 data-i18n="title"', '<button title="unfinished >', '<!-- unfinished <h1>']) {
+    const source = `Plain text${tail}`;
+    assert.equal(localizeHtml(source, () => assert.fail('Incomplete markup must not be translated')), source);
+  }
+});
+
+test('HTML scanning handles long malformed input without regex backtracking', { timeout: 2000 }, () => {
+  const source = '<'.repeat(200000) + ' unfinished';
+  assert.equal(localizeHtml(source, () => assert.fail('Malformed markup must not be translated')), source);
+  const attribute = 'x'.repeat(200000);
+  const html = `<h1 data-note="${attribute}" data-i18n="heading">old</h1>`;
+  assert.equal(localizeHtml(html, () => 'New heading'), `<h1 data-note="${attribute}" data-i18n="heading">New heading</h1>`);
+});
+
 test('translations support placeholders, plurals and German fallback without treating text as HTML', async () => {
   const context = {};
   const i18n = await loadI18n(context);